Lathe



vw. F. GROENE.

LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.6|'1917.

1 ,358,728. Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Fig]

51 'lllllllll l W. F.V GROENE.

LATHE.

1,358,728. APPLICATION FILED Amm. 1911. *Patented NOV. 16

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@E 'A W UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM F. GROENE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO It. K." LE BLOND MACHINE TOOL COMPANY, OFOINCINNATI, OHIO, A' CORPORATION 0F OHIO.l d i LATHE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov. 16, 1920.`

Application fded August 6, 1917. Serial No. 184,731.

To all whom t may com/em Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. GROENE, a citizen of the United States, residin at Cincinnati, county of Hamilton, and tate of Ohio, have invented an Improvement in Lathes, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like-parts.

vThe invention hereinafter" described relates to lathes, and among other objects, aims to provide a mechanism for forming parts of shrapnel shells'and other work.

In the manufacture of shells; it is customary `to' turn a circumferential groove or seat in the shell to 'receive the copper ring which is suiiiciently large to slip over the end of the shell vand is then compressed tightly into the groove. The ring must be securely held in the groove since it is used to snip into the rifling in the barrel of the gun and thereby impart the rotary movement to the shell in its transit through the barrel.

To hold the ring in the groove, it is desirable to form the latter with `undercut'. edges 'so that it is dovetail in transverse section. ToA prevent circumferential creeping of the ring in the groove, itis desirable to provide the latter with a rib or ribs having undultions extending circumferentially of the groove.

The means heretofore used for making these grooves is cumbersome and dilcult to operate quickly and with the necessary accuracy of performance. However, by the present invention, a simple mechanism is provided which will'easily, quickly, and accurately form these .grooves and do other work, as required. A

The character of the invention may best be understood by reference to the following description ofl one good form Lthereof' shown in the 'accompanying drawings, wherein :l

- Figure 1 is a -view partially in plan-and partially in horizontal section ofthe mechamsm shown 4herein l as embodying the iiivention;

, Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale is a vertical section through a portion of onerof the tool rests and a part of the carriage, showing cam means for reciprocating one of the tools Fig. 3.on an enlarged scale, is al vertical feedin transverse section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 5 is a perspective View of theundercuttingotools, their rests and a part of the device for feeding said tools; *y

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the groove and rib formmg tool, its prest, a portion of lts support, and the'shaft for rotating the cam means for reciprocating the tool axially of theshell; L

Fig. 7 on an enlarged scale, isa plan of a portion of the shell showing the relation of the groove and rib formingftool and the undercutting `tools therewith in forming the band seat; and

Fig. 8 is a development of the cam for Vthe groove `and rib-forming tool towar and from the shell.

Referring to the drawings: The lathe shown'therein as embodying the invention comprises a carriage 1, Fig. 1, mounted onA kinds of work, but in the present instance of the invention, it is shown set up for turning the band seat groove in a shrapnel shell 13 which is mounted between'the live and dead spindles. To contribute to the support of the shell, it may be'mounted in a chuck 15 having a neck' 17 at one end therebody of the chuck maybe somewhat larger than the diameter of the shell so as to loosely receive the latter. At the opposite end of the chuck is a collar 19 closely fitting the shell and secured tothe body ofthe chuck vby screw bolts 21. The baseof the shell may be positioned on the dead spindle by a of threaded on the spindle shaft. The main plug 23 fitting the internal bore of the shell.

To rotate the shell with the live spindle and chuck, the latter may have an internal hg 25 positively engaging a do 27 on a plug 29 threaded into the nose o the shell.

.To turn the band seat in the shell, a suitand 7, is employed having a series -of teeth 33 with grooves 35 between them for forming a series of circumferential ribs 37 on the shell. These teeth project from the dovetail shank 39 of the tool mounted in a simi larly-shaped groove in a block 41, Fig. 6,

mounted on a tool rest 47. This block may be adjusted relatively tothe vtool rest and held in different positions with, respect to the work by screws 49. The shank of the tool is adj ustably held in the block by means of a plate50 secured to the block by screws 51. The tool may be elevated to take up wear by means of an adjusting screw 52,

Figs. 3 and 6, threaded in the support for the tool rest. and adapted to engage the lower end ofthe tool. j

The groove and rib-forming tool may be automatically fed toward the shell to cut a groo've of the exact depth required therein, and then it may be automatically retreated therefrom. In the kpresent instance o-f the invention, the tool is fed gradually in toward the work to perform its cut, then y pauses while the tool 1s finishing .the bottom of the groove, and then rapidly withdraws port. Screws 61 may be threaded into a,

depending lip 63 on said plate and react against the front end of said support to give the plate its desired nicety of adjustment. Tracks 65 project u from the supysuitable bearin .port at the sides .of the properly in its adjustmen A follower 67 in the form of a stud threaded in said plate projects downwardly be`- neath the latter and carries a roller 69 projecting into the circumferential groove of a cam 71 fast on a shaft 73 projecting transversely of the carriage and journaled 1n thereon. Thls shaft may be automatica y driven `by a pinion 75 meshing with agear 77 mounted in the apron of the carriageand driven bythe vusual driving mechanism therein. The slfaft 73 may be provided with ball bearings 79 to reduce the yfriction from Athe thrust in the direction of the axis of said shaft. A handwheel 81 fast on the front end of said lshaft Ipermits manual rotation thereof when re uired. l

en the shaft 73 is rotated, the'cam7l will be rotated and actingon the follower 69, will feed the tool rest support in and out` p ate to guiderit along'the dove-tail guide connections between the support and the carriage.

Referrin to the development-of the cam shown in `ig. 8: it will be noted that its groove comprises a portion a-a for gradu' ally feeding the roove and rib-forming tool toward the sell, a portion @-5 for causing the tool to `dwell or pause at the limit of its infeed to finish the bottom of the groove, and a portion a-c of relatively sharp incllne for quickly withdrawing the tool from the shell after the completion of the groove.

Next will be described the means" for re' ciprocating the tool as it is fed inwardly in order to produce a rib or ribs in the. groovey having a seriesV of' undulations extending circumferentially of the groove. To accomplish this, the tool rest `has a tongue and groove connection 83, Figs. 3 and 6, with the support, thereby permitting the tool rest to slide axially of the shell. A stud 85, Fig.

2, is threaded into the tool rest and has a roller 87 projecting into a circumferential groove 89 of a cam fast on a shaft 91 journaled in bearings in the tool rest sup.

port. Toy limit movement of said shaft axially thereof, it may have a reduced end 93 with a sleeve y95 thereon having at one `end thereof a collar 497 engaging a shoulder in a recess Ain said support `accommodating the cam. A ball bearing99 confined between one end of said'cam and said collar will cooperate'with .the latter to limit movement of the shaft toward the right of Fig. 2, and

a ball bearinglOl confined between the end of a counterbore in said support and a collar 103 von said shaft will limit its movement v in the Iopposite direction.

vTo rotate said shaft, it is connected by a knuckle 1,04 to one end of a telescoping shaft 105,-.the opposite end of which is connected by a knuckle joint 107 with a stud shaft 109 journaled in a'bearing bracket 11,1 mounted on the front of the head stock. A pinion 113. fast on said stud is driven by a large gear mounted on the neck of the chuck y' andsecured to the latter by screw `bolts 117. By the construction just described, the large gear will rotate with the live spindle, thereby rotatin the pinion 113, the telescoping shaft, t e cam shaft, and the cam, thereby causing the tool rest to slide on its support axially of the shell. telescoping shaft will allow the tool rest to be reciprocated in a direction perpendicularly to the axis of the lshell and also in a direction parallel with said axis.

Preferably, the ribs in the groove should 12l receive a number of undulations in the course of one rotation of the shell. This number may be determined by a ratio between the large gear, 115 and the pinion.

113 equal to the number of undulations to be produced.A 1

The iiexible Having described the tool for forming the groove andthe undulatory ribs therein,l next will be described the means for undercutting the edges of the groove to produce a band seat which is dove-tailed in cross section. To accomplish this, a pair of tools 119, Figs. 1, 5 and 7, maybe provided, clamped by plates 121 and screws 123 onl the tool rests 125 having the dovetail tongues 127 projecting 'intoL similarlyshaped grooves 127, Fig. 4, in a support 2 5 fof the groove until the maximum width-is produced at the bottom of the groove. To slide the tool rests in their grooves, they are provided with arms 131, Fig. 5,

Vsecured to cross-heads 133 adapted to slide in. a l channel guide 135 extending transversely ofthe dove-tail grooves, mounted on a slide 137 adapted to reciprocate in a guideway in the support 128 at the rear of said tool rests. l

A plate 139 is mounted in a groove 141 on said slide and is adjustably secured thereto by a screw 143 entered through an elongated slot 145 in said plate and threaded into said slide.` A follower in the form of a pin 147 projects downward through said plate and has a roller 149 working in a circumferential groove ofa cam 1 51 mounted fast on the shaft 73 referred to. Screws 153 are threaded into a lip 155 depending from the plate 139 andl are adapted to bear against the end of the slide. 141 toyfacilitate adjustment of the plate ,with respect to said slide with the nicety of adjustment desired.

By the construction just described, the

undercutting tools will be reciprocated in divergent paths toward and from the work.

The cam for reciprocating these tools may be substantially of the same general character as the cam for reciprocating the groove and rib forming tool toward andfrom the work, and similarly said cam.may have a portion for feeding the tool gradually into the groove to the required depth, a vportion 4for causing the tools to dwell at this depth to finish the bottom of the edges of the groove, and a portion for causing the quick withdrawal .of the toolslfrom the work.

Since the cams for the opposed tools are mounted on the same shaft, they may be 'conveniently arranged to feed in toward the .work simultaneously, dwell simultaneously, and Withdraw simultaneously, although this simultaneousaction isnot indis ensable. f

bincethe groove and rib forming tool is reciprocated axially of the work, it produces not only an undul-atory rib, but also an undulatory groove, and if the undercutting tools were not employed, the finished groove wouldV be undulatory. The' undercutting .toolsnot only serve to undercut the edges of the groove, but also serve to produce the straight edges of the finished groove. vTherefore, it will be apparent that they might be used merely to straightenthe edges without undercutting, if desired.

In operation the shell or other workto be treated is mounted between the live and dead spindles, and secured in its chuck so as to be driven from the live spindle. Then the groove and rib forming tool and the undercutting tools are set the required disvtances from their actuating cams to cut a groove ofthe required depth. Then the' machine is driven, thereby causing the cams on the cross shaft to gradually feed the tools to the required depth. In, the course of this feed the rib and groove forming tool will be movedv axially of the shell by thev cam driven by the flexible extensible shaft from the spindle shaft. When the 'tools 4have been fed in the requisite depth, the

cams on the cross shaft will cause the tools to dwell to finish the bottom of the groove throughout the circumference thereof. Then the cams on the cross shaft willl rapidly withdraw the toolsl from the work. The

band seat in the shell is now completed and the shell may therefore be, removed from the lathe and another substituted therefor,

whereupon the operations described may be repeated.

The mechanism described may be very easily and-Quickly gcontrolled, and it will reliably, accurately and quickly form band' seats for shells and -do other work as de- -sired..

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment shown herein, but r"that extensive deviations may be made therefrom, without departing from the sp rit and scope of the appended claims. Claims: f i 1. In alathe, the combination of the `machine bed, means for supporting and rotat-..

ing the work, a carriage movable longitudii.

nally along said bed, tool rests movably.

mounted on ksaid carriage, a shaft mounted on and extending continuously from front to rear of said carriage, cams on said shaft op eratively connected with said tool rests for moving the same toward and from the work,

- and a cam for reciprocating one of said tool of movement of one of said cross slides, cams mounted on said carriage for moving said cross slides toward and from the work, a cam on one of sald cross slides for moving said transverse slide, and means for rotating said cams to impart reciprocatory movements to said slides. i X

3. In a lathe, the combination of means for rotating the work, a tool for producing a wavy groove in the work, a rest supporting i said tool, a cross slide-supporting said rest, a

` waving tool transversely to the pair of tools for undercutting the edges of said groove, a pair of slides supporting said undercutting tools and movable in divergent paths, rotary cam means for moving said cross slides toward and from the work, and

rotary cam means mounted on oneof said cross slides for moving'the tool rest for the path of movement of said cross slides. y 1

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the bed frame, a carriage vmounted for movementy longitudinally on the bed frame, a single transverse shaft mounted on and movable with the carriage, a tool rest at the front and a tool rest at the rear of the carriage, cams on the transverse shaft, one at the front and one at the rear of the carriage and movable therewith, connections between .the respective cams and' the tool rests for automatically moving the tool rests toward the work and after a dwell to withdraw the tool rests from the Work, and means for reciprocating one of the tool rests in a direction substantially- .parallel to the axis of the Work to produce a waving cut in the work.

. 5. In a machine of the class described, the combination-of a bedframe, a carriage, tool rests mounted onv the carriage, one at the front` and the other at the rear thereof,l a turning tool mounted on one of lthe tool rests, an undercutting tool mounted on the other of the tool rests, a single shaft mounted on the-carriage and extending from front to rear thereof.'J a cam at the front and one .at the rear of the carriage connected to Said `single shaft, and means between the tools and cams for causing one tool to move vat substantially .right angles to the axis of the work and the other tool to move in an oblique direction. f

6L In a'lathe, the combination with means forsupporting and rotating the Work,^a 'carriage for'supportirig the tools lto act upon ``tlie--vvoi-k-.of ai tool for forming a circumferentialgroove in the work, a tool for undercutting an edge of said groove, a single shaft extending from front to rear of the 7. In a lathe, the combination with means for supporting and rotating the work, of a tool for forming a circumferential groove in they work, means for feeding said tool toward4 said work to cut a. predetermined depth therein, and acting to cause said tool to dwell to finish the'bottom ofthe groove, and then withdraw the tool -from the work.

8. In a lathe, the combination ywith means for supporting and rotating the work, of a tool for forming a circumferential groove in the work, a tool for cutting the edges of the groove, and means for causing said tools to be moved simultaneouslyy toward the work and when the groove has been cut,

to dwell and finish the groove and then to p be withdrawn from the work.

9. In a machine ofthe class described, the

combination of the bed frame, means for supporting and rotating thework, a carriage,

a support on the carriage at one side of the work, a tool rest ,on said support, a cam mounted on said support for moving the tool rest axially'of thevvork, a second support on the carriage at the opposite side of the work, a to'ol rest on said support, a shaft mounted on the carriage, cams on said shaft and connections between the cams and supports for moving both supports toward and from the work While one of them is being moved axially of the work.

10.- Ina machine of the class described, the combination of the bed frame, means for supporting and rotating ythe work. a carriage, a support/'on the carriage at one side of the Work, a tool rest on said support, a

cam mounted on said support for moving the tool restaxially of the work, aA second support on the carriage at the opposite side ofthe work, a tool' rest on' said support, a single shaft mounted on the carriage and extending from front to rear thereof, two

cams, one fixed to the shaft at the front and the other fixed to the shaft at the rear of the carriage, and means for automatically rotating all three cams specified to cause the tool rests to move simultaneously toward and from ythe work as one of them is moved axially of the Work. c l

11. tIn a lathe, the combination with means for supporting and rotating the work, of a pair of ktools movable in divergent vpaths toward and from the work, a guideway `extending transversely to said paths, cross heads connected to said .tools reciprocable in said guideway, and means for reciprocating said guideway to slide said tools in'said divergent paths.

12. In" a. lathe, the combination with los means for supporting and rotating 'the Work, of tools acting in divergentpaths relatively to the work, rests supporting said i for said rests, divergent guides connecting i l said rests with said support, a guideway exltending transversely to said divergent guides, cross heads movable in said guideway connectedv to said rests, a slide connectedto said guideway, a plate adjustably connected to said'slide, a follower c arried by said' plate, and a cam cooperating with said follower for feeding said tools toward and A from the work.

14. In a lathe, the combination of the bed frame, means for rotating the work, a carriage mounted for movement longitudinally of the bed frame, slides mounted on saidv carriage, guide means for said slides, tool rests mounted on said slides, tools carried by said rests, a shaft journaled in bearings on said carriage and movable therewith, cams on said shaft, followers for said cams operatively connected-with said slides, said cams being formed to move said slides both toward and from the work, and means for driving said shaft. l

l -15. In a lathe, the combination with means `for supporting and rotating the work, of a carriage movable 'longitudinally of the lathe, ya pair of rests for tools supported by the carriage and movable along divergent paths toward and from the Work, tools carriedby said rests, and means operl able independent of the movement of said carriage to feed said rests` simultaneously along their divergent paths.

16. In a lathe, the combination with.

means for supportin and rotating the work,

of a carriage movab e longitudinally of the lathe, a support slidably mounted upon the carriage, a tool rest support slidably mountedn upon the first-mentioned support, one of said supports movable axially of the work and the other support movable toward and l from the axis ofthe work, and separate power-driven cams operably connected to the respective supports to positively move each support back and forth along its slideway.

17. In a lathe, the combination of means for rotating work, a carriage movable longitudinally of the lathe, tool-supporting slides mounted at the front and rear of the carriage and movable toward and from each other, a transverse shaft rotatably mounted upon the carriage andA extending Vcontinuously from front to rear of the carriage cams secured to the shaft adjacent each en thereof, followers coperating with the cams to reciprocate said slides, means adjustably to connect the followers with the slides to vary the distance of said slides relative to said cams, and power and hand-operated means to rotate said shaft in different positions of the carriage ,longitudinally of the lathe.

18. In a lathe, the `combination with means for'supportin and rotating the work, of a carriage movab e longitudinally of the lathe, tool supporting slides mounted at the front and rear of the carriage and movable toward and from each other, a tool carried by each slide, a transverse shaft rotatably mounted upon the carriage and extending continuously 'from front to rear ofthe carriage, cams secured to said shaft adjacent each end thereof, said cams operably connected to the respective slides and constructed'to feed said tools toward the work to cut 'a predetermined depth therein, and to cause said tools to dwell to finish the bottom of the cut and then withdraw the tools from the work.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification. 

